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PERSONALITY DISORDERS Personality disorders are a group of mental health conditions that affect a person's thoughts, feelings, and behavior. They are characterized by patterns of thinking, behaving, and interacting that are considered to be rigid, inflexible, and maladaptive. Some of the most common types of personality disorders include: Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) - characterized by intense and unstable emotions, impulsive behavior, and unstable relationships. Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) - characterized by an inflated sense of self-importance, a need for admiration, and a lack of empathy for others. Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD) - characterized by a disregard for the rights of others, a lack of empathy, and a tendency to engage in criminal behavior. Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD) - characterized by a preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and control. Histrionic Personality Disorder (HPD) - characterized by excessive a...

How to maintain a relationship? Maintaining a healthy relationship requires communication, compromise, trust, and respect. It's important to be open and honest with your partner, to actively listen to them and to make an effort to understand their point of view. Regularly expressing gratitude and appreciation for one another can also help to strengthen the relationship. It's also important to set boundaries and to make time for yourself and your own interests. Additionally, make sure to set aside time to spend together as a couple and make an effort to do things you both enjoy. It's also important to address and resolve conflicts in a healthy and respectful manner.

HYPOCHONDRIASIS DISORDER  A somatoform disorder.Preoccupied either with fears of contracting a serious disease or with idea that of having that disease even though they do not. It is based on misinterpretation of one or more bodily signs or symptoms. There will be no medical conditions present. ▸ Condition has to persist 6 months for diagnosis ➤ Generally resistant to the idea that their problem is psychological  ➤ Occur about equally in men and women, can start at any age, early adulthood is the most common age of onset.  ➤ It regarded as a persistent disorder if it is not treated suffer from mood disorders, panic disorders or other types of somatic symptom disorders. Causal factors -cognitive behavioural, secondary reinforcement.

DEPERSONALIZATION DISORDER Two kinds of dissociative symptoms are derealization and depersonalization. They sometimes occur during panic attacks.Derealization-one's sense of the reality of the outside world is temporarily los. Depersonalization-one's sense of one's own self and one's own reality is temporarily lost. In this disorder, people have persistent or recurrent experiences of feeling detached from (and like an outside observer of) their own bodies and mental processes. They may even feel they are, for a time, floating above their physical bodies. which may suddenly feel very different-as if drastically changed or unreal. During periods of depersonalization, unlike during psychotic states, reality testing remains intact. The related experience of derealization, in which the external world is perceived as strange and new in various ways, may also occur. Comorbidity : anxiety and mood disorders as well as avoidant, borderline, and obsessive-compulsive p...

DISSOCIATIVE DISORDER Dissociative disorders are a group of conditions involving disruptions in a person's normally integrated functions of consciousness, memory, identity, or perception. The term dissociation refers to the human mind's capacity to engage in complex mental activity in channels split off from, or independent of, conscious awareness ➤ Concept of dissociation was first promoted over a century ago by the French neurologist Pierre Janet (1859-1947). ➤ Dissociation only becomes pathological when the dissociative symptoms are "perceived as disruptive, invoking a loss of needed information, as producing discontinuity of experience" or as "recurrent, jarring involuntary intrusions into executive functioning and sense of self". ➤ In people with dissociative disorders, normally integrated and well-coordinated multichannel quality of human cognition becomes much less coordinated and integrated, affected person may be unable to access informa...

Abnormal Psychology - It is concerned with understanding the nature, causes, and treatment of mental disorders. Mental Disorder- According to DSM-5, a mental disorder is classified as a syndrome that is present in an individual and that involves clinically significant disturbance in behavior, emotion regulation, or cognitive functioning. These disturbances are thought to reflect a dysfunction in biological, psychological, or developmental processes that are necessary for mental functioning. INDICATORS OF ABNORMALITY 1. Subjective distress - if a person suffers or experience psychological pain we are inclined to consider this as an indicative of abnormality. In many cases, it is neither a sufficient condition nor even a necessary condition to consider something as abnormal. 2. Mal-adaptiveness : maladaptive behavior is often an indicator of abnormality. Maladaptive behavior interferes with our well-being and with our ability to enjoy our work and our relationships. But not a...

30 Rules that every man should follow. 1. Never shake a man’s hand sitting down. 2. Don’t enter a pool by the stairs. 3. The man at the BBQ Grill is the closest thing to a king. 4. In a negotiation, never make the first offer. 5. Request the late check-out. 6. When entrusted with a secret, keep it. 7. Hold your heroes to a higher standard. 8. Return a borrowed car with a full tank of gas. 9. Play with passion or don’t play at all… 10. When shaking hands, grip firmly and look them in the eye. 11. Don’t let a wishbone grow where a backbone should be. 12. If you need music on the beach, you’re missing the point. 13. Carry two handkerchiefs. The one in your back pocket is for you. The one in your breast pocket is for her. 14. You marry the girl, you marry her family. 15. Be like a duck. Remain calm on the surface and paddle like crazy underneath. 16. Experience the serenity of traveling alone. 17. Never be afraid to ask out the best looking girl in the room. 18. Never turn down...

Interesting psychological facts about the law of attraction The Law of attraction is all about psychology, really. Many are lead to believe that it’s this mystical way to create magical things from nothing, but those who teach this miss a critical point. One of the most profound effects of the law are the changes it brings about in behavior. At the core, the differences between who one is and who one wishes to become are about habits and behaviours.Millionaires all have common habits and behaviours. Gentle, loving people share common traits. And you have yours.Your behaviours, habits and actions brought you to where you are. To go (or be) somewhere/someone/something else, you must change those things about you. 90% plus of our habits are controlled by the subconscious mind. We act without thinking more than we know. Those actions are directly controlled by what we BELIEVE is true about ourselves. And we can choose to believe whatever we want to about ourselves and be right....

Pychology behind quiet, introverted people Levels of introversion/extroversion can be explained by a psychological theory called the Arousal Theory . This theory states that humans have preset levels of arousal in their brains, called the natural level of arousal. However, for some people, their natural level of arousal is too high or too low, which motivates them to seek their optimal level of arousal. Some people’s natural level of arousal is too high, which motivates them to seek calmer, more relaxed activities to lower their brain arousal to an optimal level, whereas some people’s natural level of arousal is low, motivating them to seek out busy, adventurous activities to increase their brain arousal to an optimal level. How does this relate to introverts and extroverts? Introverts’ natural level of brain arousal is already high, so they seek out calm activities to lower it to an optimal level. These activities usually involve staying inside and being alone or around fe...

What is laziness? A lack of motivation, energy, and willpower to engage in any activity that calls for effort is referred to as laziness. Laziness is typically thought of as a personality trait that is relatively long-lasting and stable, but it can also refer to a brief, acute state of being. Your mental and physical health may suffer over time if you let laziness prevent you from finishing important tasks. Numerous studies have shown a connection between laziness and a variety of psychological disorders, including anxiety, depression, mood disorders, low self-esteem, a lack of motivation, a sense of purpose loss, and lethargicness. Causes of laziness  1) An uninteresting routine: Having to get up every day and perform the same task can make you feel uninspired and bored. You might find it challenging to find motivation to perform the same tasks repeatedly, which might lead you to avoid taking any action at all. 2) Too much on your plate: If you tend to attempt multiple...

What psychology says about a normal person? 1)You don't need to explain yourself to anyone. Start living for yourself, never live just to impress others. 2)Comfort zone will destroy your life. Life starts at the end of comfort zone. 3)Your family and friends can only support you, you have to do it yourself. 4)Happiness doesn't come from sleeping, relaxing and hanging on social media. 5)True happiness comes when you give your best in life. 6)The less people you chill with, the less bullshit you have to deal with. 7)Life is too short to become angry and to seek for revenge to those who did you wrong. Just let it go. 8)It's never too early or late to do the things you have always wanted to do. 9)None really cares unless you are rich, beautiful and popular, at least not forever. 10)No matter how much we try, some situations are never in our control. 11)Don't believe everything you hear and see. Be curious, question them. 12)It is not necessarily important to kno...

When someone looks at your mouth during a conversation, they are probably fantasising about giving you a kiss. Your chances of falling in love increase if you meet someone in a risky circumstance. It's a myth that opposites attract; in reality, we're drawn to those who share our perspective on the world. Women can be influenced and convinced by a man's humour and sarcasm. It's likely that one of you is still in love or never was if you maintain contact after ending a relationship.